Improvement in apparatus for grinding file-blanks



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UNITED STATES .PATENT Genion.

SARGENT O. MORSE, OF MEDFORD, MASSACHUSETTS.

IMPROVEMENT IN APPARATUS FoP. GRINDING FILE-BLANKS.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 38,403, dated May 5, 1863.

To all whom it may concern,.-

Be it known that l, SARGENT OhMoRsn, of Medford, in the county of Middlesex and State of Massachusetts, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Apparatus for Grinding File-Blanks by Machinery 5 and I do hereby declare that the following, taken in connection with the drawings, which accompany and form part of this specification, is a description of my invention sufficient to enable those skilled in the art to practice it.

My invention is applicable in its rst part particularly to such ijle-blanks as do not ha-ve both edges square to their faces, and also to such as are not wholl y round-as, for example, three-cornered files, knifeedges, halfrounds, Sta-and this part consists in a kind of mold, former, or shape adapted in size and form to receive, contain, and support the elnbedded blank with only the face thereof to be operated on by the grinding-stone exposed to the action of the stone, combined with a grip, vise, or clamp,so arranged as to be operative upon the tang of the blank. The recess in the holder corresponding in depth to the thickness the blank is to have when ground, and so that when the blank is inserted and coniined in the recess the face which the blank when ground is to have shall be liush with the faces of the holder a, contiguous to the sides of the blank, serves not only to support the blank in position in all its parts, but also as a pattern down to the surface of which the file-blank is To be ground. This combination is best employed by securing it to a carrier, which receives vertical and lateral motion with respect to the grinding-stone, though the combination might have the necessary motion imparted to it without the intervention of this carrying-piece; and the second part of my invention consists in the device which I employ to form the guiding face or pattern, either of the combination or of the carrier to which the combination is secured, by which the general longitudinal form of face is given to the blank.

heferring to the drawings, in which similar letters denote similar parts, Figures 1 and 2 show, respectively, a plan and a side view ofthe combina-tion and of the carrier employed therewith. Fig. 3 shows in side elevation the way in which my apparatus presents file-blanks to the operation of the grinding-stone. Figs. 4 and 5 are cross-sections through the blankholder, adapted for the reception of different kinds of blanks. Figs. 6 and 7 show in elevation the clamp or vise gripping differentshaped tangs, which clamp is also shown as holding the tang of a blank in Fig. 8. Figs. 9, 10, and 1l are different views of the piece which I employ to produce, through the 1nedi um of the grindingstone, the face which operates as a pattern to give the general curvature to the face of the file-blank.

Heretofore blanks for sharp-ed ged les have been presented by hand to the action of the grinding-stone.

In the practice of my inventio n I make usof forms or holders a, which are made to cor respond with the size and cross-section of the blanks to be ground, as illustrated in Figs. -4 and 6.

Connected with and forming part of a, and located where it can operate on the tang of the blank, is a clamp or vise. That shown in the drawings, Figs. l and 8, consists of two sliding pieces, b b, let into a, flush with the surf face thereof, presented toward the stone, and capable of motion to and from the center of a, toward which they are constantly pressed by the action of springs c c, acting on the tang of the blank to center it and to hold it in the depression in ct.

The direction of the rotation of the grinding-stone and the direction of its cut on the blank are shown by arrows, seen in Figs. l and 3, and it will be evident that the stress of the grinding operation will be received by the blank at the shoulder at d, where the tang joins the body, so that the resistance to the action of grinding will not be borne by the clamp, which only has the function of centering and keeping the blank in its place in a undisturbed by the action of the grindingstone.

While I have described the variety of vise which I prefer, I do not state my invention to be limited to the combination of the identical one described with the form or holder a, as my invention embraces any of the known forms of clamps or vises, when located and combined with the form a, so as to center and hold the blank centrally to and in the form.

I prefer in presenting the blank to the action of the grindingstone to secure a to the piece or carrier shown in the drawings and marked e, which, by mechanism not shown, receives a vertical and a horizontal movement, thoughe may be dispensed with, and, by connection with the mechanism referred to, said motion can be imparted directly to a. If the surface of the blank is to be perfectly straight in the direction of its length, then the rear face of a must be so when a is used without e, and when a and e are used together, then the rear face of e must be straight.

Inspection of Fig. 3 will show that when a and e combined or when a alone receives the movements before mentioned between the gageroll f and the grinding-stone, the face of the blank will be formed in its longitudinal direction by the grinding-stone either straight or convex or concave, just as the face which is in contact with f is straight, concave, or convex. It will also be seen that the face of apresented to the grindingstone may be shaped by the action thereof', as well as the face of the blank.

To form the guiding or pattern face, which lgives form to the face of the blank by motion on or over the guide roll f, or guide of any other description operating similarly, and to avoid the tedious and expensive operation of filing or planing said guiding-face, especially where it is to be duplicated several times, I make use temporarily of the piece shown in Figs. 9, 10, and 11. This is a casting having ledges or chippingblocks on at least one face, which are easily shaped to the longitudinal curvature required. 'lhis is then temporarily secured either to a or to e, according to which is to be used against the guide, and to that face of a or e which is opposite to that which, when finished, is to come into contact with the guide. The parts referred to are then submitted to the action of the grinding-stone, the dressed or shaped ledges bearing upon the guide. The face thus formed by the cutting action of the stone will be the one which, in grinding the blanks, bears against the guide. Theguide is of course made capable of adjustment toward and from the stone. This temporary piece may at any time be used to correct the shape of the grinding-face when impaired by wear, and to reproduce on a large number of other blank holders and carriers fac-similes of the irst-formed guiding-face, so that any number of blanks may be ground by different stones and in different holders, and yet be all curved exactly alike.

I am well aware that it is not new to grind le-blanks, saws, or such like articles in machines wherein patterns are used, by which the proper form or surface is given to the articles; but in all such machines, so far as I am aware, the pattern and tool being ground are separated, the grinder or cutter working against the blank, whilea roll or guide works over the face-of the pattern. (See, for instance, machine patented by R. G. Pine February 3, 1857.) Now, my object has been to produce a portable device or arrangement combining, as it were, in one piece, pattern and blank, and in such manner as that while the holder can be applied to a reciprocating carriage, and held in contact with a grinding-wheel, it can also as conveniently be used separate and distinct from such a carriage as a hand-instrument, or one wherein the holder is presented to the grinding-cylinder by hand, the faces of the holder serving alike in both cases as the pattern-faces down to which the blank face is to be ground; and I believe it to be new to combine with such an instrumenta lipped gage-plate, g, so made that it can be applied directly' to the holder or carrier, when at any time it may be necessary to change the form of surface of a blank to b e ground, or to regage or true the pattern-face ofthe holder.

I am also aware that it is not new to continea blank while being ground in a recess, the sides of which support and keep the blank in position. Such recesses are seen in the patent of O. Miller, November l1, 1856 5 but these recesses, as in this patent named, are merely for holding the blank from lateral movement, the bottom surface also serving as a bed-plate. The depth of the recess does not correspond to the depth of blank to be ground, and in no such devices to my knowledge are the recessed holders or plates used as patterns.

I am also aware that machines have been made possessing slotted holders for confining the tang of a tile, and I do not claim the use of any such clamp or a vise or jaws as a separate and distinct device, although I would remark that in all such tang-holders, so far as I am aware, there are no means for grasping the tang, but only a slot for keeping the blank, supported onl a horizontal bed or frame-work, from swaying laterally.

I claiml. The blank-holder a, when made with the recess, (corresponding in depth to the blank to be ground, so that its faces shall be patterns to which to reduce the surface of the blank,) and with the clamps b, for grasping the tang.

2. Combining with the tang-holder a the gage-plate g, when made with the pattern lips or edges, and to be confined directly to and so as to form part of the holder or carrier, for the purpose as above set forth.

SARGENT 0. MORSE.

Witnesses:

J. B. GRosBY, J. E. FALLON. 

